5 Types of Orbital Fractures

According to research published in eClinicalMedicine, millions of eye injuries occur globally each year, with a significant number involving the orbital bones.

Orbital fractures are not only painful, but they can also threaten your vision, appearance, and overall eye function. If you’ve recently experienced facial trauma or suspect an eye socket injury, understanding the types of orbital fractures is the first step toward recovery.

At Ophthalmic Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery Inc., our highly trained ophthalmic plastic surgeons specialize in diagnosing and treating complex orbital fractures with precision and care. Five well-known types are discussed below.

1. Orbital Floor Fracture (Blowout Fracture)

This type of injury occurs when the floor of the eye socket breaks due to blunt trauma. It can trap eye muscles or fat, leading to double vision or restricted eye movement.

In many cases, the lower eyelid may seem sunken or bruised. Patients might also feel numbness in the cheek or upper lip.

2. Orbital Roof Fracture

More common in children, this fracture affects the upper part of the eye socket. It may be accompanied by swelling around the forehead and bruising.

Depending on the severity, an orbital roof fracture can pose a risk to the brain or frontal sinus, making a neurological assessment essential.

3. Medial Wall Fracture

In injuries involving considerable side impact, the inner wall of the orbit might crack. Patients often report nosebleeds or air pockets under the skin (subcutaneous emphysema).

4. Lateral Wall Fracture

This fracture is less common but is usually caused by high-impact trauma. It affects the outermost edge of the orbit near the temple.

Due to the thickness of the lateral orbital rim, a fracture in this area often indicates significant force. It may coincide with other facial bone injuries.

5. Complex Orbital Fractures

These injuries affect multiple bones and are typically associated with more severe facial trauma. Surgical intervention is often required to restore both function and aesthetics.

Do Orbital Fractures Always Need Surgery?

Surgery is not always necessary. Minor fractures sometimes heal on their own with careful monitoring. However, fractures that affect eye alignment, cause double vision, or involve muscle entrapment often require surgical repair.

At our St. Louis practice, we utilize advanced imaging and minimally invasive techniques to determine the most effective course of action for each patient.

Call for Expert Orbital Fracture Care in St. Louis

At Ophthalmic Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery Inc., our board-certified surgeons offer decades of combined experience treating orbital trauma. Whether you need surgery or a second opinion, we’re here to restore your comfort, function, and appearance.

Call 314-567-3567 today to schedule a consultation at one of our three locations: St. Louis, St. Peters, or Arnold.